Mileage Matters Does small displacement mean big mpg? Let’s find out.

Mileage Matters

One of the primary appeals of owning a small-displacement motorcycle is the savings such machines typically offer at the gas pump. To determine optimal mpg figures and see how these bikes compare in the real world, we laid out a 60-mile test loop comprised of equal parts freeway, rural and city riding.

We weren’t seeking the absolute best mileage possible, so we did not employ petrol-pinching tactics such as drafting, riding at a dangerously slow pace or switching off the engine at traffic signals. Rather, we sought a more real-world result indicative of “normal,” albeit conservative, riding behavior. We rode at the posted speed limit throughout the route, ranging from 65 mph on the freeway to a low of 35 mph in town. We accelerated away from stops at a moderate rate, changing up through the gears at midrange revs. GPS monitored speed and distance to cover for the optimistic inaccuracy typical of many motorcycle speedometers.

Of the bikes we tested, the Honda CBR250R had the only accurate speedometer and odometer, with readings that were spot-on with our GPS. The CRF250L was a close second, its speedo reading only 1 mph over at a true 65 mph. The Kawasaki Ninja 300 also was good: its speedo only 2 mph optimistic at 65 mph. On the other end of the spectrum, the Hyosung GT250R, Kawasaki KLX250S and Yamaha WR250 each indicated 72 mph at an actual 65. That’s nearly 11 percent error, although it might help you avoid a speeding ticket.

At the conclusion of our ride, with all bikes refueled and numbers crunched, the Honda CBR250R established itself as our clear fuel-economy champ, returning an impressive 82.5 mpg, 14.6 mpg better than the runner-up Hyosung. Nevertheless, all the bikes in our test proved this point: Small-displacement motorcycles, when ridden casually,
 using relatively small throttle openings, are remarkably efficient.

Fuel Graphs

Illustration by Tim Barker

  • jfc1

    “Small-displacement motorcycles, when ridden casually,
 using relatively small throttle openings, are remarkably efficient.’

    They’re also remarkably slow and thus, as motorcycles, especially unsafe.

    BFD now you’re continually exposed as a road-snail for 250 miles continuously before refueling vs having the power to get yourself out of road-jams almost instantly for 150miles continuously. So you have saved $15 in the process. You’ve also risked your entire life and earning-potential at least twice as much, in the process. This is classic “penny-smart, dollar-stupid” thinking.

    Besides who wants to sit on a motorcycle for 6 hours at a time?

    • Aaron Cowles

      I can far and away out accelerate any traffic on my CBR250. The only place these bikes are under-powered to dangerous extent is high speed passing (60+ mph) on a two lane highway, but most cars have issues with this as well.

      • jfc1

        “I can far and away out accelerate any traffic on my CBR250.”

        That will make an excellent epitath.

        • oic0

          I’ve never been in a situation I needed acceleration to get out of. Not in my truck or my bike. Sure there were situations that could have been solved with acceleration, but its never been the best choice. Especially since acceleration just adds energy to any potential accident. The only exception I can think of would be if you allowed yourself to be tailgated and someone tried to merge in to you on a road with no shoulder, but you shouldn’t let your self get into that situation to begin with.

          • jfc1

            a wee bit of modesty will help you to realize that you’ve never been in a situation in which you thought that acceleration was required to get out of it, etc.

            That’s fine. It’s your life and your choice.

            Don’t expect everyone else to make the same choices in their lives by the same methods that you use and to reach the same conclusions.

          • jfc1

            “Especially since acceleration just adds energy to any potential accident.”

            which is a great trade-off if the acceleration reduces the chance of an accident to near-zero

          • jfc1

            “The only exception I can think of would be if you allowed yourself to be
            tailgated and someone tried to merge in to you on a road with no
            shoulder, but you shouldn’t let your self get into that situation to
            begin with.”

            Yes, LOL :)

            ideally we wouldn’t let ourselves get into dangerous situations to begin with, but once we get on bikes and on the road we are already heading down the rabbit-hole, so to speak. So, in that situation, rather than let ourselves get into even more dangerous situations such as you mention and I quoted above, or, slight variations on those themes, even you can see that acceleration would be a good idea, often the best idea, sometimes even the ONLY idea, that is going to get you either out of those situations “you shouldn’t have gotten into in the first place” or to keep you from getting INTO those situations.

            You see it as the exception to the rule, fine.

            But admit that it is a realistic issue.

            A realistic concern.

            And a real need.

  • http://www.facebook.com/yaw.ankobiah Yaw Ankobiah

    A Ninja 250 is faster than 95% of cars on the road

    One thing this study didn’t do that I wish it did was compare these bikes to bigger bikes. 650s get ~5-10MPG less and offer significantly higher performance

    • jfc1

      faster over a quarter-mile.
      unfortunately they only need a few yards to kill you.

      and if you know how 650s compare in terms of mpg and performance, why do you need them to do the comparison for you?

      • TonyC

        If you think you are going to avoid being killed on the road by having faster acceleration than the vehicles around you, you are living in a dream. Theory? Sure, but it almost never actually happens that way.

        • jfc1

          gee I hardly know what to say in response to that. It’s almost like I’m living in a dream, reading this.

          • disqus_HX3uuHYJ1e

            That’s a shock.

        • jfc1

          seriously it’s not so much a matter of being able to outaccelerate every vehicle nearby. It *IS* a matter of being able to actually accelerate. Significantly. Because acceleration is one of the primary defensive mechanisms on a motorcycle. If you don’t know that then you’re learning something as you read this.

    • jfc1

      I’ve checked the data.

      I’ve ridden the Ninja 300.

      the Ninja 250 is not faster than 95% of the cars on the road.

      in fact I can’t name a car that can’t do at least 105mph.

      0-60mph in 7s, hat’s not slow for a car, a lot of cars can’t break 8 seconds but a lot of them can.

      • jfc1

        I will concede that CW says that the Ninja 300 does 0-60 in 5.5sec and the quarter in 14.8 sec which is, indeed, faster than most cars.

        But it sure doesn’t feel like it is performing that well when I ride one. And for that price I’d rather see at least 50hp and 120mph on the top end, and 60mph would be fine by me. That bike just seems awful slow.

  • Carew

    While i’ve never ridden either I highly doubt that a Ninja 250 or a CBR250 are faster than 95% of the cars out there just as most 250′s are not remarkably slow and thus, unsafe. Having owned a 250 many years ago I can assure you that the truth lies in between these statements-they are neither speed demons, nor are they dangerously slow,

    • jfc1

      …wait, you must be right…because you owned a 250 many years ago…

      the significant part of that is that you got rid of it years ago

    • oic0

      They are quickish 0-60. Around 6-7 seconds. Where they start lacking is at highway speeds. What most people are talking about is their acceleration after 60, at 75mph my WR250X accelerates about as quickly as a tractor trailer up to its top speed of 90.

      • jfc1

        the kawi300 is a 6sec 0-60 but the Honda 250 is 8.5s 0-60.

        versus your generic 600 which is in the 4sec range 0-60

        just look up the data

  • DaveM48

    I have a 1971 Honda CB100. Obviously not a daily rider, but lots of fun to take out for a spin and enjoy as a classic. It’s certainly not a highway bike–with a downgrade you can get it to 55 or so and might be able to maintain it, but that would be at full throttle. Wide open, the bike is very loud–far more so than my 550 daily rider at highway speeds. It’s also not suitable for carrying passengers. Two small people might fit on the seat, but the passenger pegs are on the trailing arm!

    But–run at 35-40 mph average, it gets around 100 mpg (I have never calculated precisely but that’s within 5 mpg one way or the other).

    I have to wonder what the result might be if this carbureted single-cam engine were updated with fuel injected, dual cams, electronic ignition and everything else that has been invented since 1971. I would assume the result would be an extremely efficient and nimble in-town bike. Enlarge the dimensions a bit and it might even carry two at in-town speeds.

    Understand–I like having horsepower available–my 550 has more horses per pound than a Harley and I like it that way. But there’s definitely a market for lightweight basic bikes with small engines and extreme fuel efficiency. It’s lots of fun putting 1 1/2 gallons in the tank and knowing you’ve got 150 miles ahead of you. Mind, I don’t know that anyone’s butt could stay in the saddle that long on the ’71s suspension! But there have been a lot of improvements there, too.

    • jfc1

      figure 100HP/L with “aggressive” tuning, as a good performance metric for an internal-combustion engine. So at 600cc that would be 60hp. That would be a *good* number, most engines don’t make that. 30HP out of a Kawi300 twin is pretty decent. Having to rev to 13k to get it, that’s not decent. It’s not so much the peak power it’s the RPM at which that peak power occurs, and the absence of torque across the RPM band, that makes these bikes so dangerous as everyday streetbikes. The safer they are if the rider simply whacks open the throttle, the less they move when the rider needs them to move. Think of it as having the TC active all the time, except it’s not TC, it’s just plain weak. It never makes any real power..

      • oic0

        As an owner of a WR250X, they aren’t so bad as you would think. The roll on and acceleration is similar to car. Most trouble you get in to is solved with either braking or evading, and on occasion accelerating. What the 250s give up on acceleration they gain in evasion and braking. The sheer lightness means you can flick them around and they’re harder to lose control of since there is less mass to muscle into behaving. I own much faster bikes too, but the WR is a completely different feel. The outrageous maneuverability definitely boosts its safe feeling. You don’t even feel overly committed to an action like you do with a bike weighing 150lbs+ more.

        • jfc1

          I won’t argue with this since you own both types of bikes, as you say, but with a single disc and less weight these bikes are actually harder to stop and take longer to stop than a dual-disk sportbike. Even the ZX14R which has 200lbs on a Kawi300 is faster to stop 60-0. I don’t know how that works with ABS and I understand the Honda250 has ABS but in raw stopping power that’s the case…because 2 discs are better than one and the higher weight means the bike can be stopped closer to the limit of the brakes without throwing the rider over the handlebars. Second if you countersteer properly you’ll find that bikes are all about the same in terms of “flickability”. You can’t simply *tilt* them from side to side as easily but if you *countersteer* you’ll find they lean over *real* quick. My bike weighs 650lbs with a 200lb rider. I don’t have a problem maneuvering it quickly. Now you may *feel* that it’s safer because it’s lighter and “easier to flick”. Does that mean that it actually *is* safer?

          and in any case how slow does a bike have to be to “flick” for it to be significantly less safe than one which “flicks” fast? Or vice-versa? We’re not talking about a Miata vs a mac truck here. There’s no such discrepancy between 250s and literbikes or even larger.

          Not if you know how to ride…

        • jfc1

          ps
          “The roll on and acceleration is similar to car.”
          …great but a car is a car and a motorcycle is a motorcycle.

          Bikes only make sense relative to cars is they OUTPERFORM a car at a comparable price.

          3x the gas mileage, that’s a good thing.

          Comparable performance otherwise? LOL why bother.

    • T2098

      They already make this, it’s called a CBR125R, and it is indeed a great around town bike and will happily carry a passenger, albeit somewhat slowly.

  • CrumblyChris

    My Bandit 1200 just recorded 46 mpg for 120 miles of riding without trying. This included freeway, Ortega Highway run and city riding. Seems that the bigger bike offers a lot more than these “scooters x 1.5″. Grow up and get a man’s bike, something with at least 600cc’s,

  • jfc1

    Envy, greed, fear, jealousy…seriously, it i not clear how these all combine in this bike?

    They look like real sportbikes, but clearly cost a lot less and don’t have nearly as much horsepower, so as many say, they’re a lot safer. Because as we all know “safety” on a motorcycle is maximized by taking almost all the power out of it, and pushing what little remains up to ridiculous RPMs.

    It’s like playing cowboys and Indians, but for adults not just kids.

    And so we have the “converts” who wish to push MPG and other issues of frugality, the economics, all well and good but which gets better MPG: a Kawi 250 or a bicycle? Which has a lower carbon-footprint? Which is better for your health assuming that you don’t ride in traffic? Sure thse bikes are decent commuter-bikes assuming stop & go traffic for medium distances, and good weather, and decent neighborhoods (it’s very easy to get “bikejacked”) in rush-hour traffic. But there’s no way around the fact that the attributes of these bikes that make them great commuter-bikes also, usually, make them bad bikes for the open road. Think about it: if the bike makes 30hp and (prorating from the R6) 15ft-lbs of torque at 13k rpm, then how much hp and torque does it make at 3k or even 6k?

    Just…think about it.

    As opposed to “trying not to think about it”.

    And trying not to track your normal RPM while riding in stop & go traffic.

    But try to think about it before the next time the vehicle next to you cuts you off.

    Because that’s when you’re going to need it.

  • disqus_HX3uuHYJ1e

    I have a R1200RT. I can easily get over 50mpg if I am taking it easy, which is to say up to the 55 or 60 mph, generally taking it easy. Not really trying for max mileage. I found myself 200 miles away from home one time needing gas and realized I didn’t have my wallet. I had been just putting around so my milage was good and trying to get home and not run out of gas, my mileage when I got home was something like 63mpg. I was impressed. I almost always get more than 300 mi. to a 7 gal tank full. Almost 400 a few times. That’s good enough for me. If my beemer can do that, I can’t understand why a 250 can’t get way more than 80mpg. And if high mileage is no. 1 priority, I remember the first bike I ever rode, a 50cc honda cub would get close to 200. Honda advertised that and they were very close. Not much power though. 40 mph tops. All for $258.00. Lot of fun. I’m not really impressed with current results at high mileage bikes.

    • jfc1

      My 30 year old carbureted out-of-tune fj1200 gets 45mph on the open road. It’s not great in city traffic but it sure does well on the highway. I wonder, if CW had a gas mileage challenge for literbikes, how well I could do with one…they are already geared pretty long and they make more than enough torque to ride highway speeds in top gear with even longer gearing. If I could knock another grand or two off the RPM of my bike at 75mph and wrap it up in truly aerodynamic bodywork, I’m sure that it would see the far side of 50mph at true road speeds. Plus…it would be even faster :) maybe not 0-60 and quarter-mile, but once out of the hole it would accelerate better, more easily and ramp up to higher speeds at lower throttle inputs. I think that’s an excellent idea :)

      The real problem is that any mileage which is high enough for mpg to be a real concern, is the kind of trip that I’d want to take in my car, not on my bike. You’d have to be a real miser to want to take a 500 mile round trip on a motorcycle instead of a car, just to save on gas. For anything under 200 miles so what if it gets twice the gas mileage, at 30mpg in my car that’s only 6 gallons of gas vs what, 3 on my bike? I’m saving $12 in the process. Is that really worth yet another set of back & leg spasms or worse a rain-day? And I get phenomenal MPG if I just don’t take that trip in the first place. Or I take a bus. Or I carpool & divide the cost by 2, 3 or even 4 people.

      To really make a long trip work on a bike the weather has to be nearly perfect plus I’d want to have no desire to take anything substantial with me. I’ve done the “600 mile in a day” ride on a bike, quite a few times. It’s fun, the first, second and maybe the 3rd time. After that it just gets old, and I’m down to maybe 250 miles in a day on a bike. At the most. And that’s 6 to 9 hours on a bike. Anything longer than maybe 300 miles, two tanks of gas, $30 worth of gas, I’m taking my car…I don’t care about the fuel-savings…I’m more worried about my butt and staying comfortable. Crushing miles is so much faster and easier in a car than on a bike. I’m not getting on a motorcycle and doing 75mph for 6 hours. Forget it. At most a 2- or 3-day trip at “casual speeds” but now I’m throwing in a hotel room for two nights at what, $50/night, at least? There go my savings from a higher MPG. So 90 mpg might be a big deal for an around-towner where a big bike will get average mpg, at best. I’m not taking one 300 miles away from home, and another 300 miles back, just to save $20 on gas. No way. That’s 12 to 15 hours of riding.

      • disqus_HX3uuHYJ1e

        You’re right. If any one thinks they can save any money over time by buying a motorcycle, I dispute that. If it’s a 250 going back and forth to work, may be, but my RT, no way. Considering the cost to buy in, maintain, tires, etc., like you say, forget it. I will say that I regularly spend 7 or 8 hr. on a ride, just out riding no place in particular. I might be nutty but that’s me.

        • jfc1

          of course, most newbies have no idea how much it costs to own, operate and maintain a bike

        • jfc1

          or how easy they are to steal

      • CruisingTroll

        Yes, but nobody can take your 30 years old FJ, clone it as a brand new bike, and sell it in ANY First World country. Not North America, the EU, Japan, Australia, etc. It won’t pass emissions in any of these countries.
        As for being a miser, my truck (my only 4 wheel vehicle) is lucky to get 20mpg. My ST1300 gets 40-45mpg. A thousand mile round trip (500 out, 500 back) will burn close to a hundred dollars of gas in the truck, less than half that on the bike. 50 bucks isn’t “miser” territory.

        • jfc1

          but not all bikes have to pass emissions.

          this is a problem for the mfgs not the used market

          • CruisingTroll

            Given that the article is about new street legal bikes, which DO have to pass emissions to be sold here, handwaving away the problem is idiotic.

          • jfc1

            how hard do you think it would be to take a 30 year old bike and upgrade the intake with fuel injection and an ECU and pass emissions, especially using unleaded gas?

        • jfc1

          I’ve said this elsewhere, but you can drive the truck 1000 miles and sleep in it anytime along the way. With the bike you can at most camp-out, short of getting a hotel room.

          and the carry-capacity isn’t even close.

          plus you can take someone with you and split the cost.

          How many of your friends are willing to ride 1000 miles with you two-up?

  • jfc1

    ok here’s a real-world scenario.

    It’s 815 miles from my house to Daytona International Speedway. I have an open week that I could go down there and visit the Kawi and Suzuki demos in Daytona in March. It’ll be virtually impossible to get a hotel room near the beach but that’s fine, as long as I have wheels. So the bus which isn’t cheap anyway, is out. Flights, probably too expensive to book within a week of departure. Then I’d have to get a car for a day or two which is another $60 or so plus gas. So realistically it’s either drive my car @ 30mph or take my bike assuming 45mpg.

    Again it’s 815 miles. Assuming 60mph that’s 14 hours on the road, which matches Google Maps estimation time. Assuming that it doesn’t rain, I rarely stop, there are no backups and I don’t have any mechanical problems. The bike is already looking like a bad idea and I haven’t even calculated the cost yet, because the odds of my riding 14 hours on the highway even in March without getting caught in the rain or having a mechanical issue on my bike are negative. Plus on top of that if it rains at the demo-site, if the roads are even wet, they will cancel the demos at least until the roads dry-out, which could take another half-day at least depending on traffic and how wet it gets. And the less time during the day they have rides to ride on, the more people are there waiting for rides & the longer the lines for a ride.

    But assuming $4.50 a gallon for 93 octane gas (they both need it) @ 30mpg in the car that’s about $135 in gas each way. At 45mpg on the bike that minus half of the difference, so about $100, but now I’m going to need a place to stay for the night. No question I am not riding 14hrs to Daytona on a bike, riding demos all day, and then riding 14hrs back home all in one day. I tried to do that before when I went to Wing Dings and it doesn’t work well. So now I need a place in Florida, during Speed Week, that is somewhere around Orlando-Gainsville-Daytona or maybe north of Gainsville (but not too far) that is a) available b) not too expensive and most of all c) safe for me to park my bike and sleep for the night. In a state full of rowdy bikers, meth-heads, coke-dealers, general all-around thugs and spring-breakers, a state in which a sinkhole could open up anywhere at any time.

    Or, I can buy a 250 for $5k plus title and insurance fees, ride a brand-new bike there, get 90mpg and cut the fuel costs by 2/3rds but otherwise the same as riding my own bike.

    Or…

    I can drive halfway there, sleep in my car at a rest-stop, drive the rest of the way there, do the demos, hang out, drive halfway home, sleep in my car, and then drive home. And spend just about the same amount of money. Plus if it rains the first day I’m there, I can sleep in my car again and then do the demos the next day. And if it ever rains at any point along the 26 hours and 1600 miles along the way…I’m fine. Plus I can carry a spare tire and tools and whatever other junk I’d want to take to Florida in March. I can even carry a passenger and share the cost & driving, have someone to talk to along the way and catch some sleep. 4 people & it’s now a quarter of the cost and the driving, and 3x the sleep. Now I can do the demos all day long easily, plus party. And if we stop for the night, that’s 2 people in two rooms & more partying.

    Hm.

    I wonder what I’d do if I’m actually going to do this.

    • Aaron Cowles

      Chain it to something put an alarm on it in the off chance you leave it in a sketch neighborhood. All you need is two more people to lift a 600 compared to a 250 and the 600 will fetch a better price. Also I have done the used 500cc motorcycle thing before and it was appalling to see the patchwork fixes the previous idiot had done to the internals. I am much happier with my nice new CBR250.

      • jfc1

        I’ve seen a video of two guys, average guys, lifting a gixxer 1k and stuffing it into the back of a pathfinder. I’ve seen a video of one guy cutting the steering lock, cutting the wheel lock, and cutting a securing chain and then just rolling the bike away….to start it later.

        And sure one bad experience with a used bike is a negative. but that’s not the case with all used bikes. Not by far. Unless you think that most people selling their bikes have trashed them.

  • jfc1

    just look at all the videos on youtube of people crashing these 250s and 300s and you will be totally convinced that less displacement does not equal safer riding.

    • jfc1

      and definitely not “safe riding’

  • Ed

    My 2010 Honda NT700V regularly delivers around 50 mpg. With a 5.2 gallon tank, that’s 260 miles before I’m stranded. And, it has enough power and storage space to solo tour with.

  • jfc1

    “A Ninja 250 is faster than 95% of cars on the road”

    …thinking this might have been a credible statement, despite the abysmal hp, torque and top-speed of the Ninja 300 not to mention the weaker Ninja 250, I actually went out and demoed the Ninja 300 this past weekend. Rode it around the Daytona Speedway for about 20 minutes.

    That bike is dayum-slow.

    Since it has a top-speed of 105mph, and 30hp peak, but only 375lbs (though top-speed is mostly a function of horsepower not weight, the cross-sectional area of a 300cc bike isn’t all *that* high) I figured that maybe I was just being too skeptical, that I should give the little bugger a chance.

    Jesus F. Ing Christ that bike is slow.

    Calling it an overgrown moped?

    That was spot-on. Dead-on.

    oh and most cars on the road have a top-speed over 105mph.

    At least in the US.

    And probably can beat a 7sec 0-60 time too.

    Let’s put it this way. The demo-ride that Kawi offered for that bike?

    It rides in its own group. All 300s.

    You need to know more?

    That group rides a short loop, largely stop-signs and stop-lights.

    I got it up to 65-70mph, sure. But at no point was I ever impressed with it, in any way. And there is no way that I would ride that bike in any real traffic.

  • jfc1

    …well, I see the mods are hard at work here…let’s see how long this
    will stay up. I went down to Daytona this week to demo some bikes. I
    made a point to get on the Kawi 300. Suffice to say, this debate is
    over. If *this* is the future of motorcycling, then fine, I’m sure that
    we will all enjoy getting 90mph on our glorified mopeds, and that we all have flip-flops and beach-shorts, which seem to be appropriate
    gear for riding this “motorcycle”. Though I’d be happier if they would just leave the fairing parts off, save a few precious pounds and be done with it.